Graphic Design...REVIEW! O_O

[FlameMaster5]

Hey guys. Yeah, you guessed it, time for another test. This time it's for Graphic Design and I've only got today to study. need your prayers on this ok? :]

I'll write out my notes with questions and then print them like I did with Psychology. If you want, you can look over them and see just what I'm doing. ^_^ Lol, it can get interesting and boring, so beware! XD

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GD TEST QUESTIONS

What is computer language composed of?

It's all zeros and ones.
Ex. - 01000001 makes the letter A.


What is a bit?

Just a 0 or 1. One unit is all a bit is.


What is a byte?

A byte is 8 bits. So...8 zeros or ones.
Ex. - 00100000 makes a simple space.


What is a kilobyte?

A kilobyte is 1,024 bytes.


What is a megabyte?

A megabyte is 1,024 kilobytes.
One megabyte is equal to 1,024 kilobytes or 1,048,576(1,024x1,024) bytes.


What are two other byte measurements?

Gigabyte and terrabyte(a newly developed PC byte that is even larger than the giga!).


What is RAM?

RAM stands for Random Access Memory. RAM gives speed to regular PC operations(such as opening a window). RAM also gives speed to graphic printers, which allows the printer to output documents faster. RAM is equal to 4mb.


What is the ASCII code?

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange and it is pronounced "askee". This is a universal code which translates binary code from bytes into a number, letter, symbol or control character. This is like a shorthand for the binary code.

BINARY CODE/ ASCII / CHARACTER
01000001 / 65 / A
01100001 / 97 / a
00100000 / 32 / space



What is DPI?

DPI is Dots Per Inch and it is what graphic resolution is measured in. The dots are measured in a horizontal and vertical square inch. For example, 300 DPI is equivalent to 300 dots horizontally by 300 dots vertically, or 90,000 dots!


What is an Imagesetter?

Imagesetter collects data and prints images on film.


What is the definition of rasterizing?

Rasterizing - Conversion of all graphic info into dots; has RIP engine.


What are the two main file formats for the Macintosh?

Bitmap and outline.


What is a bitmapped image?

A bitmapped image, or raster image, is an image that is defined as points or dots on a grid.
Ex. - My own PC paintings are made with dots, they're rasterized art.


What is an outlined image?

An outlined image(also called vector image or object-oriented art) is created by using a "draw" program. It is mathematically defined drawing of lines and curves anchored by control points.
Ex. - My 1st GD Project was made with lines and curves, it's vector art.


What are the common file formats? What are their resolution levels?

PAINT: Low-resolution bitmapped
PICT: Low-resolution screen bitmapped

TIFF: High-resolution bitmapped(highest format Adobe Photoshop CS2 can use.)
EPS: High-resolution outlined(highest format Adobe Illustrator can use.)



What does TIFF and EPS stand for?

TIFF - Tagged Image File Format
EPS - Encapsulated PostScript



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I will return to this after a break. I've only got today to study, so I'll be right back! ;]

[Deleted]

hmm ram cna be equal to anythhnig from like 1 mb to like 512mb. i think. complex stuff, but i knwo msot of it. up to the rma question anyway. hmm ram dfoes nto sotre ifnormation, but the mroey ou have it the faster it gets it off the hard drive also with more ram you get acess to more of your programs.

[Haunter 360]

I think it'd be good to add that RAM is temporary data storage.
Y'know, shutting down will delete the stored memory, etc...
It might boost a couple of marks.
(NOTE - I'm no computer expert, so don't blame me if I'm wrong)

[FlameMaster5]

Lol, I'm just writing down what the book has in it. XD Hopefully I'll learn all this stuff. It's bad that I've only got one day though... :[

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What are pixels and outlining? How do you make conversions between pixel and vector art? How do you get them to print?

1). Pixels are just dots while outlining is mathematical curves and lines.

2). When a line-art graphic is scanned in as a TIFF image it can be converted into an EPS format with special software like Adobe Streamline. Streamline outlines the TIFF image, saves it as an EPS image and reduces the file size.

3). To print any file format, you must first RASTERIZE - convert it to dots. Whether your printer is an ink-jet, laser or postscript printer, the file has to be rasterized first.


What are other file formats for Windows/Macintosh/miscellaneous files?

Macintosh: PICT(short for picture)

Windows: BMP(bitmap), WMF(Windows Metafile).

Other Files: GIF(graphical interchange format), PNG(portable network graphic, pronounced "ping"), JPEG(joint photographic experts group), PDF(portable document format), PostScript or print-to-disk files.


How do you convert fonts into graphics?:

You convert fonts into outlines, which then allows you to manipulate the shape and size of the fonts. WARNING: the font will appear thicker because of the manipulation.


What are some keyboard shortcuts used on Adobe Illustrator?:

Windows Shortcuts/Macintosh Shortcuts

To Save: Ctrl S/Apple S

To Save As: Ctrl and Shift S/Apple and Shift S

To Step Backwards: Ctrl Z/Apple Z

Rotation: Select an object to rotate, click and hold, press Alt and drag, let go of copy and then press Ctrl D repeatedly/Select an object to rotate, click and hold, press Options and drag, let go of copy and then press Apple D repeatedly.

Duplication: Click and hold object, press Alt and drag, let go of object and then repeatedly press Ctrl D/Click and hold object, press Options and drag, let go of object and then repeatedly press Apple D.

"Zone Duplication": Click and hold object, press Alt and Shift together then drag and move object around. You will see that it only moves vertically, horizontally and diagonally./Click and hold object, press Options and Shift together then drag and move object around. You will see that it only moves vertically, horizontally and diagonally.

Rulers: Ctrl R/Apple R

To Create Layers: Ctrl L/Apple L

To Create New Document: Ctrl N/Apple N

To Quit Abobe Illustrator: Ctrl Q/Apple Q


*There is much more keyboard shortcuts using Ctrl/Apple and Alt/Options for Adobe Illustrator. Try them out if you have it! :]


What are the tools of AI(Adobe Illustator)? What do they do?

Selection Tool(Black Arrow) - Can select the object or objects in AI. This tool is important when you want to select ALL the objects in a document. Selecting all the objects can even give rise to new techniques, like Compound Paths, Clipping Masks and joining the objects as one.

Direct Selection(White Arrow) - Can manipulate the object by using anchor points to shape and develop it into something new. It also can target only one anchor point at a time to give that spot color or other effects.

Magic Wand - Was not discussed.

Lasso Tool - Was not discussed, but it can "lasso" only specific parts of the objects that you want to manipulate.

Pen Tool - Can quickly make straight shapes by creating anchor points and attaching them. It can also create new anchor points, delete anchor points and convert anchor points.

Type Tool - Can use regular type, area type, path type, vertical type, vertical area type and vertical path type. Use this to give your text that special effect.

Line Segment Tool - Can use lines, arcs, spirals, rectangle grids and polar grids. Use this tool to form designs you normally couldn't create.

Shape Tool - Can use rectangles, rounded side rectangles, ovals(ellipses), polygons, star shapes and flares. These are the objects you can manipulate to form all kinds of things(Ex. - the flowers in my GD Project).

Paintbrush Tool - Not Dicussed.

Pencil Tool - Not discussed.

Rotation Tool - Can make one object rotate another object as well as form reflections of an object.

Scale Tool - Not Discussed.

Warp Tool - Can warp, twirl, pucker, bloat, scallop, crystallize and wrinkle objects.

Free Transformation Tool - Not Discussed.

Symbol Sprayer Tool - Can be use to "spray" default images in AI.

Column Graph Tool - Not Discussed.

Mesh Tool - Use this on objects to create multiple anchor points that will radiate color individually. Ex. - 1st GD Project was made of pure Mesh.

Gradient Tool - Used to make "fading" designs.

Eyedropper Tool - Used to "suck up" a single color for use later.

Blend Tool - Select two objects, connect them at the anchor points and "blend" them into one shape.

Scissors & Knife Tool - Select an anchor point and then another on an object to "cut" it in half. With the knife tool, you can cut it randomly, making new shapes. Deselect the object you have sliced, use the white arrow to pull the two pieces apart!


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Phew! @_@ Let me take a break! I need to eat lunch... XD

[FlameMaster5]

I'm back, so here's the last of my notes. Then I can print and study my brains out. XD

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What is high and low resolution?

Resolution is how crisp and clear an image can be. So, high resolution is very clear while low resolution is blurred and fuzzy.


How do you put a "hole" inside an object?

Use a Compound Path to create the "hole" effect, seeing what it behind the object itself.


What is the resolution of the Imagesetter?

The Imagesetter usually uses DPI resolution, 1 bit graphics.


What is an ink-jet printer? How does it print?

An ink-jet printer literally sprays droplets of paint while printing. There are also different kinds of "jet" printers: ink-jet, bubble-jet and thermo-jet.

What are some pros and cons of software?

Programs

Word Processing - Works well with basic text, spell checks, creating outlines, etc. However, it does not good at creating graphics at professional levels.

Spreadsheet - Great at creating statistical analyses, budgets, invoices, grading sheets, simple and complex forms, and more. However, the information in spreadsheet does not import easily into professional page layout programs.

Presentations - Can important graphics, create basic drawings, use special backgrounds, add interesting textures, use effects, add sounds to movies and can create limited animations. Unfortunately, it cannot be used for professional output due to its backgrounds not being in the proper format for color separations.

Image Editing - Can take photos off a digital camera or scanner and manipulate the photo. It can change the brightness, contrast, colors, can take out backgrounds and add other images. However, it is all bitmapped, so attempting to enlarge the images and such makes them fuzzy(pixelated). Ex. - Adobe Photoshop programs are Image Editors.

Vector Drawing - Uses vectors instead of being bitmapped, so it can create beautiful drawings. It can manipulate shapes into objects using several drawing tools. It can be enlarged and maintain its clear and crisp appearance. However, you should never use a vector drawing program to create complex projects such as books or magazines. Nor should you ty to edit a photograph because it cannot be separated into individual objects. Ex. - Adobe Illustrator is a Vector Drawing program.


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Ok, folks, that's it for my notes. I'm going to print it, study it and then do my best on the test tomorrow. Wish me luck, i'm gonna need it... @_@

[Deleted]

This is probably the same class that I took! The tools sound familiar. Is it 2 Dimensional Computer Design? Or Introduction to Computer Animation?

And yeah, I'll pray for you.

[Haunter 360]

Well, FM5 said it was graphic design, and seeing as there's loads of different branches of that subject... Yeah, it's likely you've both had the same test.

I'm praying for you too FM5. Do well!

[Deleted]

hmmm they are good notes. heh i wish i was any good at notes.