Psychology...REVIEW! O_O

[FlameMaster5]

If you'd like to eavesdrop on my studies for Psych, go ahead. That actually helps me, tells me what I REALLY know. Of course, I will be writing down what I need to know for my Psych Test on Tuesday.

SO...
Let's begin. If you find this interesting, let me know. We can be study partners online. Good to have friends to study with. ^_^ I hope you learn something you didn't know before! ;]

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Psychology Test Problems

Choose 4 members of Psychology. Then mention who they are, what they are and what they contributed to the field.

• Wilhelm Wundt - A German physiologist known as the "Father of Psychology". Wundt attempted to apply scientific principles to the study of the human mind.
  
  
• Ivan Pavlov - A Russian physiologist who was the first to study and write about the basic principles of classical conditioning by using his salivating dogs.
  
  
• John Watson - A behaviorist who conditioned "Little Albert" to become afraid of a white rat; and later ANYTHING that was white. He is known for creating the conditioning term conditioned emotional response(CER).
  
  
• B.F. Skinner - A behaviorist who studied both John Watson and Ivan Pavlov methods. He placed rats in a "Skinner Box" and used reinforcement to cause the rats to press a lever down to receive pellets. Skinner also gave the learning of involuntary behavior a special name: operant conditioning.
  

What are the two systems of the nervous system?

The nervous system is composed of the central nervous system(CNS) and the peripheral nervous system(PNS).



Name important neurotransmitters & their functions:

• Acetylcholine - involved in memory and stimulus movement.
  
  
• Serotonin - involved in mood, sleep and appetite.
  
  
• GABA(Gamma-aminobutyric acid) - involves sleep and inhibits movement.
  
  
• Glutamate - involved in memory formation.
  
  
• Norepinephrine - involved in arousal and mood.
  
  
• Dopamine - involved in control of movement and sensations of pleasure.
  
  
• Endorphins - involved in pain relief.
  

What does the right hemisphere of the brain involve?:

The right hemisphere of the brain involves memory, perception and emotions.


What does the PET scan do?:

PET stands for positronic emission tomography and it uses radioactive sugar that is injected into the brain to detect the activity of the brain cells.


What's the definition of naturalistic observation?:

Naturalistic Observation - people or animals being observed in a natural habitat.


How does split brain occur?:

Split brain occurs when you cut the corpus callosum; which then forms "two brains".


What controls the "fight or flight" process?:

The sympathetic division.


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I have stop for now, but I'll be back. I think this will definitely help me remember things a lot better. If you're thinking this is a lot to learn and pretty difficult, I won't lie and say you're wrong. Psychology is hard, but it's worth learning and understanding people and animals better. :]

I hope I'll do well on my test! XD

[Deleted]

Ack. We went over Skinner and Pavlov in the ecology chapter of our Bio AP class.

My friend is studying Psychology AP on his own right now.. he really likes the subject, but I hear it's just as hard as any other AP. Looks like there's a lot of memorization involved too.


Good luck on your test!

[FlameMaster5]

Thanks, Lili. ^_^

Yeah, lots of memorization, but I think I've picked up quite a bit. :] I hope to do well since Psychology is rather interesting to me. I might want to do something in this field someday - well, maybe... XD

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Name what the brain possesses:

1). neurons
2). synapse
3). glial cells


What does the hypothalamus control?:

The hypothalamus controls hunger, eating, drinking and sexual activity. It is called the "Master Gland".



What is the definition of shadowing?:

Shadowing - is accute to death perception.


What is the definition of learning?:

Learning - a permanant change in behavior brought on by experience.



How did Ivan Pavlov condition his salivating dogs?:

Ivan Pavlov used a bell as the stimulus.


What is operant conditioning?:

Operant conditioning is the learning of voluntary behavior.


What is Edward L. Thornd-ike's(censor error) Law of Effect?:

If a response is followed by a pleasurable consequence, it will tend to be repeated.


What is the definition of reinforcement?:

Reinforcement - any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probabilaty that the response will occur again.


What are the "Goals of Psychology"?:

1). Description
2). Explanation
3). Prediction
4). Control
*DEPC may help to remember these goals.


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There's about 5 more questions I have to write down, but I'm gonna take a break first. This stuff is just as bad writing down as it is trying to learn it. XD

[FlameMaster5]

It's late, but I'm gonna try to jot down some last questions. @_@

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What is the definition of independent variable?

Independent Variable - the deliberate manipulator of the experiment.


What is the definition of the dependent variable?

Dependent Variable - is measured bahavior.


What are the effects of independent and dependent variables?
When we research in psychology, our research question usually can be stated in in the following form: "What are the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable?" Ex. - If studying the effects of teen aggression factors which we think may be influencing the behavior(T.V, environment, etc.).


What are the different types of research groups in the psychological field?:

1). Experimental Group - contains the independent variable.

2). Control Group - Contains the dependent variable. Can also contain a placebo.

3). Single-blind Study: Subjects are unaware if they are the experimental or control group.

4). Double-blind Study: Neither the researchers or participants know what group they are in.



What are the mental health professionals and what are their differences in degrees?:

Clinical Psychologist - Ph.D or Psy.D in psychology and usually a bachelor's degree(B.A) in psychology as well.

Psychiatrist - M.D training as a GP and then residency in a mental health setting. Sometimes a double degree MD/Ph.D. B.A's are often in a pre-med concentration with a second concentration in psychology.

Psychiatric Social Worker/Clinical Social Worker - M.S.W and B.A degree in social work and/or psychology.

Psychiatric Nurse/Psychiatric Nurse Therapist - M.S degree in nursing following training in nursing for licensure at the B.A level with a secondary concentration in psychology as a second major or minor.

Counseling Psychologist - Ph.D, M.S or M.A and/or L.C.P degrees in counseling psychology.

Psychoanalyst - M.D or Ph.D degrees followed by further specialty training in Freudian or Neo-Freudian psychoanalytic theory and practice.


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FINALLY! I will study all this mess thoroughly tomorrow. Everyone, I'm gonna need your prayers...

[Haunter 360]

*Head slumps to desk*
@_@


... Oh, the sweet pain...

That stuff is interesting, and at the same time, incredibly boring!
I don't know which!

*Brain throbs*

[FlameMaster5]

Lol! Now you know my pain, Haunter. This is the burden I must carry for college. Intense, huh? You bet it is! Now, I'm just gonna print this info, study it until I know it and then ace my test tomorrow. Wish me luck everyone! ^_^ It's gonna be tough! XD

[Deleted]

waoh that is an advanced topic. my brian hurtsa jsut reading it

[Deleted]

blaze said:

waoh that is an advanced topic. my brian hurtsa jsut reading it

Haha. You realize that this is probably the EASIEST stuff from the course, since it's only the beginning of the semester/trimester, right? xD It's only going to get harder from here on out.

[Deleted]

well i'm glad i'm not doing psychology.

[FlameMaster5]

Heh, Lili is right, Blaze. This is only the beginning of my mind struggles. However, I think I'll manage and I believe I will learn quite a bit. I know this stuff well now that I've studied, so I hope to do just as well on the test. My teacher is very nice and she said she wasn't going to try and fail anyone, so she understands all of this is hard on us. I got lucky. :]

Wish me good luck. In the morning, I will take my FIRST Psych Test. I think I'm ready. ^_^

[Haunter 360]

I'm prayin' for ya...

[Deleted]

me too fm5. Flameaster all the way.